Rare Kennedy Half Dollars : The Kennedy half dollar, first minted in 1964 as a tribute to the assassinated president, holds a special place in American coinage. More than just currency, these coins represent a poignant piece of national history, artistic expression, and numismatic intrigue. For collectors, the series offers a fascinating journey through changing minting practices, compositional shifts, and occasional rarities that can turn an ordinary-looking coin into a sought-after treasure. This guide explores the key varieties that make this series endlessly collectible.
The Enduring Legacy of the Kennedy Half Dollar
Introduced during a period of collective mourning, the Kennedy half dollar quickly transcended its role as pocket change. Designed by Chief Engraver Gilroy Roberts and Assistant Engraver Frank Gasparro, the coin’s dignified portrait of President Kennedy and the Presidential Coat of Arms on the reverse resonated deeply with the public. While its circulation use has dwindled over the decades, its collectibility has soared. The series spans from early 90% silver issues to modern collector-only strikes, offering something for enthusiasts at every level, from those attracted by precious metal content to specialists hunting for subtle varieties.
Notable and Valuable Kennedy Half Dollar Varieties
The value and interest in a Kennedy half dollar are often determined by its year, mint mark, composition, and specific attributes. The table below provides a clear overview of the most notable types collectors seek.
| Coin Type / Variety | Year(s) | Mint Mark | Composition | Key Identification Feature | Primary Reason for Collector Interest |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First-Year Silver Issue | 1964 | P (Philadelphia), D (Denver) | 90% Silver, 10% Copper | Only year with 90% silver for circulation strikes. | Historical significance and intrinsic silver value. |
| Accented Hair Proof | 1964 | S (San Francisco) | 90% Silver | Deeper, more pronounced strands in hair above Kennedy’s ear. | Scarce early proof variety with a distinct design modification. |
| Circulation Strikes with 40% Silver | 1965-1970 | P, D, S | 40% Silver clad over a 21% silver core. | Minted from 1965-1970; “S” mint marks are proof coins only. | Last half dollars with any silver content intended for circulation. |
| The Scarce 1970-D | 1970 | D | 40% Silver | Not released into circulation; available only in mint sets. | Lowest mintage business strike (2.1 million) of the series. |
| 1976-S Silver Proof Bicentennial | 1976 | S | 40% Silver | Dual date “1776-1976” on obverse; “S” mint mark. | Special commemorative issue struck in silver for collectors. |
| No ‘S’ Mint Mark Proof | 1968, 1970, 1975, 1983 (Partial) | None (Philadelphia) | Varies by year | Proof coin missing its intended ‘S’ mint mark. | Major mint errors, extremely rare and valuable. |
| Matte Finish 1998-S Silver Proof | 1998 | S | 90% Silver | Distinct satin or matte-like, non-reflective surface. | Experimental finish issued in a limited Special Mint Set. |
| Modern Low-Mintage Issues | 1987, 2002-Present | P, D, S | Copper-Nickel Clad | Not released for general circulation (post-2001). | Key dates due to extremely low circulation strikes or special collector-only mintages. |
Understanding Key Varieties in Detail
The Significance of Early Silver: The 1964 Kennedy half dollars, struck in 90% silver, are the cornerstone of any collection. Their precious metal content gives them a strong base value, while examples in gem uncirculated or proof condition carry substantial numismatic premiums. The 1964 Accented Hair proof is a particularly prized sub-variety.
- The Elusive 1970-D: This coin is a classic “sleeper.” With no coins released into circulation, all 1970-D halves were sold directly to collectors in Special Mint Sets. Its low mintage makes it the key business-strike date of the series, and it remains highly desirable in top condition.
- Bicentennial Distinctions: The 1976 Bicentennial halves, marked with the dual date, were produced in both copper-nickel clad for circulation and 40% silver for collectors. The 1976-S silver proof, often found in original mint packaging, is a popular and accessible collectible that commemorates America’s 200th anniversary.
- Error Coins and Unique Finishes: Some of the rarest Kennedys are mistakes, like the proof coins struck without an ‘S’ mint mark. Conversely, intentional experiments like the 1998-S matte finish proof are celebrated for their unique appearance and limited availability, showcasing the Mint’s exploration of different artistic presentations.
Starting and Growing Your Collection
Building a meaningful collection of Kennedy half dollars begins with education. Familiarize yourself with mint marks, located on the obverse below Kennedy’s neck. Learn to grade condition, as a coin’s state of preservation dramatically impacts its value. Focus on seeking coins with original surfaces, free of cleaning or damage. Many collectors start with a date-and-mint-mark set, then branch into specializing in proofs, silver issues, or error varieties. Resources like the Official Red Book and reputable coin forums are invaluable for ongoing learning.
The Reward of the Hunt
Collecting Kennedy half dollars is a pursuit that blends history, art, and detective work. The thrill of examining a handful of coins and discovering a valuable date or an unrecognized variety is a timeless pleasure. Whether you’re inheriting a family collection, searching through bank rolls, or selectively purchasing certified coins, this series offers a tangible connection to modern American minting history and an endlessly engaging hobby.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Q: What is the most valuable Kennedy half dollar?
A: The most valuable are typically rare errors, like the 1964 proof with the “Accented Hair” variety in top grades, or major mistakes like the 1970-D struck on a 40% silver planchet intended for a 1970-S proof. These can be worth thousands to tens of thousands of dollars.
Q: Are all Kennedy half dollars before 1971 made of silver?
A: Yes, but with different compositions. Only 1964 halves are 90% silver. Those dated 1965-1970 are made of a 40% silver clad composition.
Q: Where is the mint mark on a Kennedy half dollar?
A: On coins dated 1964, the mint mark is on the reverse, left of the eagle’s claw. From 1968 to the present, it is located on the obverse, below President Kennedy’s neck.
Q: Is it worth saving modern Kennedy half dollars (post-1971)?
A: Circulated clad halves from 1971 onward typically have little premium unless they are in exceptional condition or are key dates (like 1987, which had no circulation strikes). However, proof and special mint set coins always have collectible value.
Q: How should I store my Kennedy half dollar collection?
A: Use archival-quality materials. Individual coin capsules, inert plastic flips, or albums specifically designed for half dollars are ideal. Avoid PVC-based plastic and paper envelopes that can cause chemical damage over time. Store in a cool, dry place.
Q: What does “proof” mean?
A: A proof coin is a specially manufactured coin struck with polished dies and planchets (blanks) to create a mirror-like background and frosted, detailed design. They are produced for collectors and sold in sets, not released for circulation.
